No
places more comprehensively embody traditional Bhutanese arts
and crafts than dzongs, the imposing monastic fortresses that
appear throughout the landscape. Within their massive walls
and measured beams are found items ranging from the most basic
and functional to ones of spectacular beauty. Particularly
striking are the paintings and statues representing important
religious figures. Many intricate and colorful illustrations
serve as allegories, dramatizing the continuing struggle between
good and evil. <
Bhutanese art and craft possesses three main interrelated
characteristics: it is religious, it is anonymous and it corresponds
to a certain uniformity of style. As such, items possess no
intrinsic aesthetic function, and are instead interpreted
as outward expressions of the holistic Buddhist religion.
The distinction between more ornate (what one might consider
artistic) forms and more practical applications is therefore
somewhat blurred. All craftsmen would be considered artisans
(scrupulously following tight traditional conventions) rather
than artists (who might place greater emphasis on innovation).
The Bhutanese style has over centuries been significantly
influenced by Tibetan designs, whilst developing its own definite
forms and themes.
The strength and vitality of Bhutan's traditional Buddhist
culture is in clear evidence throughout the land in its arts
and crafts. This heritage is seen in both the ancient and
the more modern structures, images and artifacts. What is
particularly remarkable is the overall sense of regularity,
where there appear to exist only superficial differences between
the old and the new. Craftsmen maintain age-old techniques
to perpetuate a rich artistic tradition. Unlike many places,
in Bhutan the arts and crafts on sale are not made specifically
for the tourist market, but are widely used by Bhutanese in
both daily life and more direct religious practice.
With Bhutan's entry into the modern world many traditional
techniques are coming under threat. Particularly with regard
to the more practical items used in daily life, cheaper foreign
imports are gradually substituting for local handicrafts.
Moreover, younger Bhutanese are increasingly becoming more
interested in pursuing different career paths. With a view
to preserving the country's rich artistic traditions, the
Royal Government has begun various initiatives to help promote
such methods, which are seen as valuable parts of the country's
heritage.
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